Marriage with a foreigner in Russia - necessary documents. Marriage between a Russian and a foreigner: features and necessary documents Documents for registering a marriage with a foreign citizen

“Marriages are made in heaven,” we often hear in films and from our friends. This beautiful, exciting event for the relatives of the bride and groom and themselves can be overshadowed by difficulties and obstacles if one of them is a foreigner. Regardless of what country your chosen one or chosen one is from, registration of marriage with a foreign citizen in Moscow is regulated by the Family Code of the Russian Federation (FC RF) and by-laws issued on its basis. According to the established regulations, marriage is permitted if one of the spouses is a citizen of another country or a stateless person, and it is necessary to comply with a number of established rules.

Marriage with a foreigner in Russia

A marriage with a citizen of another state on the territory of Russia can only be concluded according to Russian laws, so future spouses must contact the registry office of one of them and go through the standard procedure on a general basis.

The foreigner, for his part, is obliged to adhere to the requirements established by his country for concluding a marriage. For example, to reach a certain age, obtain the consent of parents or local authorities, arrange an engagement, if necessary, confirm the involvement of the future half in a certain religion, etc.

If one of those wishing to get married has two - Russian and another state, then within the Russian Federation his actions fall under the regulations of Russian legislation.

If a person does not have citizenship or comes from a country not recognized by our state, but lives in Russia legally, then the norms of the RF IC will also be applied to him.

In conditions where a foreign citizen does not have a passport or, on the contrary, has several at once, he should adhere to the rules approved by the country of his permanent residence, or the rules of one of the states of his choice.

List of required documents

To begin the procedure for registering a marital union, you will need the following documents to register a marriage with a foreigner in Moscow:

• completed application;
• copies and originals of the couple’s passports;
• a certificate of marital status or confirmation from the consulate that a citizen of another state does not violate the laws of his native country by getting married on the territory of the Russian Federation;
• confirmation of the legal presence of a foreigner in the Russian Federation (except for persons arriving from countries with which there is a visa-free regime);
• certificate of divorce from a previous marriage, if there was one.

Correct legislative registration of a marriage union is very important, since it directly determines what rights and responsibilities the spouses will receive.

And if no special issues arise with the procedure for registering a marriage between Russian citizens, then if one of the parties has foreign citizenship, difficulties may arise.

Therefore, it is worth considering in more detail what the specifics are when dealing with a foreigner, what is required for this, and what is the established procedure for carrying out this procedure.

The most important rule when concluding a marriage between a Russian citizen and a foreigner is the priority of the legislation of the Russian Federation during this procedure. This requirement must always be met, regardless of what legislative features or customs are accepted in the foreigner’s country.

In particular, the main requirements include:

1. Personal presence of the parties at the ceremony. For Russia, this rule is mandatory, although in some countries (for example, Spain) the groom can send his representative in his place.
2. Monogamy. Russian legislation allows marriage for a man or woman with only one partner. In some countries, polygamy is allowed.
3. . In the Russian Federation, it is the same for both parties and starts at the age of 18, in exceptional cases - at the age of 16. In some other states it can be either lowered or increased.
4. Official registration. For this, only one body is used - the registry office. All other methods of marriage (including various religious rites) are unacceptable and have no legal force.

The procedure for registering a marriage takes place entirely in accordance with the Family Code of the Russian Federation. The only difference is the list of documents that the foreign participant must provide. Read more about what papers you may need below.

Required documents

Below is a general list of documents that are needed to register a marriage, which includes both standard papers and those that are needed only for foreigners:

Statement of intent to formalize an alliance

It has a standard form, the same for everyone, and is filled out at the registry office. It is worth noting that both future spouses must be present. If one of them cannot bring the application in person, it can be certified by a notary and sent separately.

Passports of both parties

Or other identification documents. As for a foreign citizen, he must also provide a Russian translation of his identification document, certified by an authorized body.

Such a body could be:

• consulate or embassy of the state he represents;
• Ministry of Foreign Affairs;
• notary.

At the same time, it is important that the translation is carried out precisely on the territory of Russia.

Certificate stating that the foreigner is not in another registered marriage

You can also get it at the embassy or consulate of your state. It can be either in Russian or in a foreign language, but in the latter case you will need a certified translation. Its validity period is 3 months.

Document on the termination of a previous marriage

Required only if the foreign citizen was previously married. This may be a death certificate of a former spouse or, as well as a corresponding court decision.

If this document is not in Russian, a duly certified translation is required.

Receipt for payment of state duty

This fee is charged regardless of who gets married, and its amount is the same in all cases and amounts to 350 rubles.

Certificate from the place of residence of a foreign citizen

And also a document confirming the absence of obstacles to marriage. Their form will depend on the rules and requirements of a particular state, and can also be obtained at a consulate or embassy.

A visa confirming the right of the bride or groom to stay on the territory of the Russian Federation

This requirement applies only to representatives of those countries for which A visa is a prerequisite for entry into Russia. Citizens of a number of other states (for example, Ukraine and Belarus) are not required to provide this document.

It is worth noting that a marriage concluded under Russian law and with the provision of these documents can be recognized in other states (including the one where the foreigner is from). This is due to the fact that in these countries there are different requirements for this procedure and the necessary documents (for example, sometimes permission from the parents of the bride or groom must be available).

Therefore, the parties must take this factor into account and take appropriate measures. For example, after registering a union in Russia, they can go to the homeland of one of their spouses and repeat this procedure there.

Marriage procedure

The procedure for formalizing relations between a Russian and a foreigner, in principle, does not differ significantly from the usual procedure. Conventionally, it can be divided into the following stages:

Preparation of necessary documents

Since in most cases a foreigner needs to obtain some additional documents from the embassy or consulate, it is better to apply for them in advance.

Submitting an application

With the documents collected at the first stage, the parties go to the registry office and fill out an application form, which they can receive there. It is worth considering that not every registration authority provides services for registering a marriage with a foreigner - this issue must already be clarified on the spot.

Waiting within the specified period

As in other cases, the bride and groom are given a minimum period of one month after submitting the application in order to have the opportunity to change their decision or further strengthen their decision.

This period may be increased, since it often depends on the workload of a particular registry office.

After this, the parties only have to appear in person at the registration authority on the appointed day and take part in the marriage registration procedure, as well as receive the documents required in this case.

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Personal experience

Two years ago I married a Mongolian citizen.

Now we are applying for a residence permit, the next step is Russian citizenship. I'll tell you what it's like to be married to a foreigner in Russia.

Victor Sikirin

married to a foreigner

My wife and I often come across a stereotype of Mongolia as a country of the former USSR, but this is not true: Mongolia was never in the Soviet Union. The official language in the country is Mongolian, Russian is taught as a second foreign language along with English. In 2014, Russia and Mongolia abolished the visa regime, and now a Mongolian or Mongolian woman only needs to apply for a visa to Russia if they want to stay here longer than three months.

How do we live

In 2009, my wife came to Russia to study. We met 6 years ago, have been married for 2 years and live in Voronezh.

My wife's short name is Mugi. For 7 years in Russia, Muga’s passport was never checked. She takes Mongolian documents with translation only when she goes to the hospital or to some official.

We live in a rented apartment and have moved a couple of times. Many owners are scared by the need to register Mugi in an apartment, so it was more difficult for us to rent an apartment than for an ordinary family.

On the street, in the crowd, in shopping centers, we attract attention: people look at us, but we have never encountered open hostility; on the contrary, everyone supports us. People are as surprised as possible by the unexpected union. Those who are older love to remember how our peoples were friends in Soviet times. Many had relatives working in Mongolia.

We are often asked: “Are there airplanes in Mongolia?” (there are), “What about apples?” (no), “Do you live in yurts?” (no), “Do you have any cities?” (There is). We talk about Mongolia as much as we can.

Citizenship

Marriage does not change the citizenship of the spouses. I remained a citizen of Russia, and Mugi remained a citizen of Mongolia. To obtain Russian citizenship, she needs to obtain a temporary residence permit, then a residence permit - and only after that can she receive a Russian passport. If you do everything quickly, then from the first visa to citizenship it will take 3 years.

Marriage visa

There is no special visa for the bride or groom in Russia - which is a pity. Such a document would make life easier for lovers.

A foreigner can enter the Russian Federation for marriage only in the usual manner: visa-free or visa-free, depending on diplomatic agreements between countries.

Russia and Mongolia have a visa-free regime for 30 days, but no more than 90 days within one half-year. This means that you have to leave the country every 30 days. You can move back in immediately, but you can only do this a total of three times. Then you will have to take a break for 3 months.

Marriage does not give a foreigner the right to stay in Russia

Marriage does not give a foreigner the right to stay in Russia. If your stay in Russia has ended, you need to leave. To come again, you will have to apply for another visa.

I issued a visa invitation so that Mugi could stay for 90 days at once. When they ended, Mugi left Russia and came back visa-free for 30 days. We left Russia and came back two more times allowed. This time was almost enough to obtain a temporary residence permit. With this document, Mugi was able to stay.

What documents are needed to marry a foreigner?

Marriage and other family relationships are governed by the internal laws of the country in which the marriage takes place. You cannot get married in one country, get divorced in another, and file for alimony in a third. A citizen of Russia can marry on the territory of Russia, according to Russian laws, with a citizen of any country or a stateless person. In order for a marriage to be recognized in another country, it must be formalized in compliance with all the requirements of that country.

A marriage with a foreigner can be registered at any registry office; the main thing is to submit the necessary documents. If they refuse to accept the application, write a complaint, go to court, or simply submit documents to the central registry office of your city.

Marriage with a foreigner can be concluded in any registry office of the Russian Federation

In Moscow, Wedding Palace No. 4 specializes in international marriages. In addition to the registry office, a marriage can be registered at the consulate of the state from which the foreigner arrived. Such a marriage will be concluded according to the laws of his country. If there are special international acts, such a marriage is recognized in Russia, but it must be clarified specifically for each country. For example, this is how you can marry a Japanese citizen: both Japan and Russia recognize this marriage and will regulate it according to their laws.

The registration procedure at the registry office is no different from the usual one. The only difference is the documents required for the application. In addition to passports and a receipt for payment of the state fee (350 R), Mugi needed:

• - passport and its notarized translation;
• - a certificate stating that she is not married in Mongolia, and a notarized translation of this document.

Translation of Mongolian documents must be certified by a notary. It is better to do it in translation agencies that cooperate with a notary, otherwise you will have to bring a translator with a diploma for certification.

For some countries, documents require an apostille - a special mark placed by the highest judicial authorities of a foreign state. It confirms that the papers are valid and have legal significance. An apostille can only be issued in the home country. In Russia, a foreigner cannot obtain an apostille.

We did not specify in advance what documents with an apostille are needed. I had to ask my relatives in Mongolia to affix an apostille and transfer the documents through a friend who was flying to Russia.

Only the consul and the migration service of the Russian Federation gave us complete answers to all questions.

To get married, it is not necessary to know the language, but then a professional translator with a diploma must be present at the ceremony. If this condition is not met, the marriage may be declared illegal in the future.

Mugi speaks excellent Russian, and we did not need a translator.

Temporary residence permit

After registering the marriage, we applied for a temporary residence permit. This is a stamp that is placed in the passport and gives the right to stay in Russia for three years. To get permission, you have to wait six months. When her visa and visa-free regime expired, Mugi left the country for a little over a month. When she arrived back, the residence permit was already ready and we were finally able to be together. If Mugi were pregnant, the document would be issued in 1-2 days.

Foreigners who are not married to a Russian citizen are given temporary residence permits based on annual quotas. If you do not submit documents at the beginning of the year, the allotted number of permits may already run out

A temporary residence permit gives the right to:

• - live and work in Russia for 3 years;
• - work without a patent or permit in the subject of the Russian Federation where the permit was issued;
• - use a health insurance policy at a clinic at your place of residence;
• - register an individual entrepreneur or LLC.

With a residence permit you cannot:

• - leave Russia for a period of more than six months, otherwise it may be cancelled;
• - hold military and state security-related positions;
• - vote and be elected.

To obtain a temporary residence permit, you must collect medical certificates, provide a certificate of no criminal record and translations of all Mongolian documents. I also had to prove that my wife speaks Russian. To do this, you need to obtain a special certificate or a Russian certificate of secondary education. We presented a diploma from the Russian university from which Mugi graduated.

6 months

we had to wait for a temporary residence permit in the Russian Federation

A separate point is the queues. You can submit an application 2 days a week to the migration center of your city; documents are accepted only half a day. People come at 5 am and sign up for a queue. Many do not have time to submit documents in a day. In practice, it can take one and a half to two weeks to submit documents.

Mugi underwent fingerprint registration - she gave her fingerprints at the migration center. After receiving a temporary residence permit, you must register at your place of residence: in your own apartment, with relatives or in a rented one. The passport was stamped with the address. Without such registration, you cannot use free medical services or visit a clinic.

Most foreigners who already have a temporary residence permit need to apply for a multiple-entry visa to leave Russia. Without it you cannot cross the border of the Russian Federation. We are lucky: residents of Mongolia do not need such a visa.

Another condition: the residence permit must be confirmed every year. To do this, you need to bring a notification and a certificate of income to the Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs for Migration Affairs. If this is not done, the permit will be revoked.

Temporary residence permit must be confirmed every year

After receiving a temporary residence permit, Mugi opened a SNILS and Taxpayer Identification Number.

With a temporary residence permit you cannot stay in Russia forever. A temporary residence permit is a temporary measure until the foreigner obtains a residence permit.

A residence permit is a document according to which a foreigner can live and work in Russia for 5 years. A residence permit gives most of the rights of a Russian citizen. The blue book is similar in appearance to a Russian passport. A residence permit is issued for six months.

To obtain a residence permit, you must live continuously in Russia for at least one year under a temporary permit.

Residence permits are issued for 5 years. It can be extended an unlimited number of times. Once Mugi receives a residence permit, most of the problems associated with her foreign citizenship will disappear.

5 years

A foreigner with a residence permit can live and work in Russia. Then you will also have to renew

A residence permit gives the right to:

• - live in Russia;
• - leave the country without special documents;
• - work in any subject of the Russian Federation;
• - receive medical care under compulsory medical insurance;
• - elect and be elected to local government bodies and participate in local referendums;
• - receive a pension and free education;
• - issue an invitation to enter the country for your relatives;
• - take loans.

With a residence permit you cannot:

• - serve in the army;
• - work in the civil service and in the security agencies of the Russian Federation;
• - be a civil aviation pilot;
• - vote and be elected at the regional and federal levels;
• - leave Russia for more than six months, otherwise you will lose your residence permit.

Once a year, Mugi will have to submit a notification of confirmation of residence under a residence permit in Russia. If you violate this condition, your residence permit may be revoked.

Citizenship

To obtain Russian citizenship, an ordinary foreigner must live continuously in Russia for 5 years. As a Russian wife, it is enough for Mugi to be married to me for 3 years. There is a limitation here too. If you leave Russia for more than 3 months in one year, this year will not be included in the period of residence required to obtain citizenship.

Officials can consider an application for citizenship for up to 6 months.

With citizenship, Muga would receive all the rights of a Russian: full voting rights and the opportunity to serve in the military and law enforcement agencies. Well, the most important thing for us is full guarantees for medicine and the opportunity to leave when and as much as we want.

We have not yet decided whether Mugi needs Russian citizenship. The problem is that according to Mongolian and Russian laws, in order to obtain another citizenship, Mugi will have to give up his Mongolian one. We don’t want to do this, because Mugi doesn’t want to lose the opportunity to freely enter his home country.

To obtain Russian citizenship, you will have to renounce your current

Perhaps over time the laws will change and allow having two citizenships. Then Mugi will receive a Russian passport and we will become an ordinary Russian family.

Work and taxes

Muga has a Russian diploma in philology. In Mongolia, she worked as a translator in a bank with Russian clients. She has a license as a professional translator, but in Russia a Mongolian translator is rarely needed. She translated several times in court, and did the rest of the orders for business. Now she translates as a freelancer and sews clothes to order.

183 days

A foreigner must live in Russia for a year to be considered a tax resident

A temporary residence permit gives the right to work, but regular employers do not want to get involved with a foreigner. Mugi was unable to find an office vacancy in Voronezh. Once an employer hears the name Munkhtuyaa, he no longer needs an employee as much as before. An exotic name scares off even employers with less interesting vacancies for salespeople or bartenders. The only place that was happy about Mugi's Asian appearance was a Japanese restaurant, but she didn't want to work there.

When Mugi receives a residence permit, we want to move to Moscow. The capital is clearly more accustomed to foreigners: Mugi receives responses to her resume, and they agree to meet with her and discuss the job.

Employers in Russia are put off by exotic names

It seems that Moscow employers are less afraid of Muga’s citizenship than provincial ones. Perhaps she will work at the Mongolian consulate.

At work, Muga will have the same social package as Russians. The only difference is that the employer must notify within three days GUVM MIA on the conclusion or termination of an employment contract with a foreigner.

If a foreigner lives in Russia for more than 183 days within 12 consecutive months, he is considered a tax resident of the Russian Federation and pays income tax of 13%.

Children

Mugi and I don't have children. But our friends - Sasha and Khulan - have them.

If a foreign woman gives birth to a child from a Russian, this does not give her automatic citizenship, does not shorten the time frame for obtaining it, and does not even extend the visa.

Like Russian pregnant women, Khulan chose the services of a antenatal clinic, maternity hospital and children's clinic using a birth certificate. But she is not entitled to maternity benefits and benefits in the early stages of pregnancy. The child's father cannot claim them either.

A one-time allowance for the birth of a child - 16,350 rubles in 2017, a child care allowance - 3,000 rubles in 2017 and a monthly allowance for a child under 16 years old - 257 rubles in 2017 are also not available to a foreign mother, but they can be issued by a father.

If the mother does not have Russian citizenship, she will not be paid maternity capital.

If a child was born in Russia and at least one parent is a Russian citizen, the child receives Russian citizenship by birth. Emily received Russian citizenship, but Khulan did not, so now she and her daughter are citizens of different countries.

Subtleties of international marriage in Russia

1. There is no marriage visa in Russia. The bride or groom arrives in the country as usual.
2. Marriage on the territory of Russia is concluded according to Russian laws.
3. Each country has its own requirements for marriage. It is better to get married according to the laws of two countries at once.
4. Translations of documents must be certified by a notary, in many cases they must have an apostille or consular legalization.
5. Marriage does not change the citizenship of the spouses. Scheme for obtaining a Russian passport: temporary residence permit - residence permit - Russian citizenship.
6. A temporary residence permit is issued for three years. It allows you to live and work in Russia and use the compulsory medical insurance policy. It cannot be extended, but you can apply again.
7. To obtain a residence permit, you need to live in Russia for a year with a temporary permit.
8. A residence permit is given for 5 years. You can extend it as much as you like.
9. After three years of marriage, you can obtain Russian citizenship.
10. If a foreign wife has a temporary residence permit or residence permit, at work she will have the same social package, contributions and taxes as Russians.
11. Children do not simplify legal complexities. A foreign mother will be given a birth certificate, child benefits can be issued by a Russian father, and maternity capital is issued only to Russian citizens.

International families are being formed more and more often, despite the fact that registering a marriage with a foreign citizen in Russia is carried out according to a more complex scheme than when concluding a union between Russians. This procedure requires additional paperwork that must meet special requirements.

On the territory of the Russian Federation, marriage with a foreign citizen is concluded according to Russian laws. According to them, registration is allowed if one of the spouses is a foreigner or has no citizenship. For this purpose, they contact the registry office and submit the required package of papers.

For a foreigner, it is important that a marriage entered into in Russia meets the requirements imposed by the legislation of his country: age or consent of the authorities. These conditions do not apply to persons who are Russian citizens. Only Russian legislation applies to stateless persons.

If the future spouse is a citizen of two or more states, then he independently chooses the laws of which country he is guided by when entering into marriage. In the Russian Federation, only unions between one man and one woman are recognized. Even if the laws in the homeland of your future husband allow you to marry several times, you will not be able to get a second Russian wife. If such a marriage occurs, it is not recognized in Russia.

When conducting a ceremony in which one of the couple does not speak Russian, an interpreter is invited. Divorce with a foreign citizen occurs according to the legislation of the Russian Federation. It is done in two ways: through the court or the registry office.

Obstacles to starting a family

There is a list of conditions under which the creation of a family union is excluded.

• With a person who is in a registered relationship. There are a number of countries in which polygamous marriages are the norm. In such cases, citizens of these states are checked especially carefully.
• With close relatives in the direct line. Within a family, a brother and sister with one common parent also cannot create families.
• Between adoptive parents and adopted persons.
• The registry office does not register a marriage if one of the future spouses is declared incompetent due to mental disorders.

Russians try to circumvent these laws and get married on the territory of other countries where this is not prohibited, but in this case the union is not recognized in their homeland.

What documents are submitted by the Civil Registry Office?

The list of papers submitted to the registry office by foreigners differs from the standard one.

Example of filling out a form

• Completed application in the prescribed form F-7. It can be downloaded from websites in advance or received on site when submitting papers. When one of the spouses cannot appear at the registry office, he has the right to submit a separate application, notarized in advance. .
• Passports of future spouses. Foreigners provide documents valid abroad. If the entries in the passport are made in a language other than Russian, it must be translated, notarized and copies attached. Documents with a photograph do not undergo additional legalization.
• Foreigners attach documents from the embassy or government agency of the country of citizenship stating that they are legally allowed to marry.
• A foreign citizen needs papers confirming the legality of his stay in the Russian Federation: a visa or residence permit. This rule does not apply to immigrants from Ukraine, the Republic of Belarus or other countries with a visa-free regime.
• If the future husband or wife has already had a marriage behind them, attach documents stating that the previous union broke up or was terminated.

In addition to the package of papers, a fee of 350 rubles is paid. When paying, check the receipt carefully. If there are errors in the payment purpose or details, the receipt will not be accepted. Each registry office has its own data.

All submitted papers are enclosed in Russian. In this regard, the situation is simple in countries where this language is one of the official languages. In other circumstances, documents with an apostille and a notarized translation are attached.

If the laws of the country of citizenship of a foreign spouse require special permits to formalize the relationship, but there are none, the registry office employee explains to the couple that such a union may not be recognized. If the future husband and wife insist on marriage, then it is registered, but in the record of the act it is noted that the couple is familiar with the features and procedure for creating a union.

Legalization of papers

Papers and certificates drawn up in other countries are preliminarily legalized in the Russian Federation. The legalization procedure allows these documents to be recognized as valid on Russian territory. If a foreigner comes from a country that has signed the Hague Convention, then an apostille is affixed to the papers. For documents from states not participating in the convention, a complex procedure is provided for certification by the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs on the territory of these countries.

A simplified procedure for submitting papers provided from Ukraine, the Republic of Belarus, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova and other countries that have signed the Minsk Convention. Certificates from these countries do not have an apostille; it is enough to translate them into Russian and notarize them.

The Baltic states have not signed the convention, but legalization of papers is not provided for them either.

Registration

The law allows marriages to be registered at diplomatic missions and consulates of the countries of citizenship of the foreign spouse. Such unions are recognized by the Russian side if the conditions are met.

• With mutual recognition of marriages concluded in Russian consulates and representative offices.
• The married couple are citizens of the country that appointed the ambassador or consul.

Not every civil registry office is authorized to register marriages with foreigners. Citizens of the Republic of Belarus, Ukraine and other states of the former union can submit documents almost anywhere. Foreigners from the Baltic states and non-CIS countries register their relations with certain civil registry offices.

Legalization of the certificate at home

The marriage procedure itself is not enough for the family to be recognized in the foreigner’s homeland. To obtain the status of a full-fledged wife or husband, in a number of countries they undergo an additional check to ensure that the created family is fictitious. To do this, you need documents, the list of which differs in different states. If necessary, they are apostilled, translated and notarized.

The married couple undergoes regular interviews. The specifics of this process depend on applicable laws. A simple procedure is provided, for example, on the territory of Ukraine or Belarus.