The history of tea for children. Interesting facts about tea, history of origin, beneficial properties. History of tea in Korea

Fairytale Health Handbook (volume III) in electronic format

STORIES AND TALES ABOUT TEA

Precious drink

A young farm laborer, Van, wandered around the country in search of work. A village surrounded by a clay wall appeared ahead, and the young man quickened his steps. Coming closer, he saw a strange picture. People were sitting motionless near the wall. Some of them were dozing, others were peering at the clay wall.

Explain, sir, what do they see on the wall? - Van asked a man passing by.

I think they're just messing around. “That monk over there confused them,” answered the passerby and pointed to one of the people sitting near the wall.

Van peered at the monk. He sat motionless, crossed his legs and closed his eyes, but such wisdom radiated from him that the young man involuntarily bowed.

Soon Wang found a job. There was a large garden growing near the village, and the gardener needed an assistant. When Wang asked the gardener about the monk, he explained:

This is Dharma. They say he knows how to listen to his heart.

Why does he need this? - Van asked.

“Don’t fill your head with nonsense, and stop chatting,” the gardener ended the conversation.

Van obediently began to loosen the ground, but thoughts about the monk did not leave him. Every evening the young man came to the wall and placed a bowl of rice or vegetables - half of his dinner - at the feet of the monk. Others were reaching for food, but the monk himself remained motionless. His concentrated gaze seemed to penetrate the wall and see something wonderful there. One day the young man could not stand it and exclaimed:

How would I like to know what you think about for so many hours in a row?

Darma raised his eyes to the young man, smiled and with an unexpectedly quick movement of his hands he pulled out his eyelashes and they fell to the ground from the monk’s hands to the ground and turned into two green bushes about a meter high. Their glossy green leaves, covered with delicate down, exuded a delicate aroma.

“Pluck the top leaves from these tea bushes and brew them in boiling water,” the sage said affectionately.

At home, after drinking a cup of aromatic drink, Van felt the blood run faster through his veins, and freshness spread throughout his whole body, despite the late hour. Then Van carefully took the pot with the remnants of the wonderful drink and ran to the wall to treat the monk and all his disciples to tea.

In the morning, Van drank a cup of tea again and all day after that he felt an extraordinary surge of strength: the hoe seemed to fly by itself, and after a hard day of work the young man was not at all tired.

The next day, one of the monk's disciples came to Wang with a handful of tea leaves in his hand.

Teacher asks you to make tea for us again. After it, we all thought so easily and didn’t want to sleep at all.

Together they prepared tea, and the disciple carried away the pot of steaming drink. And soon the young man himself approached the wall, clutching a cup with an elegant ornament in one hand. “Teacher,” Wang bowed to the sage, “accept this cup from me.” I got it from my mother, and it is my only treasure. I took care of it, but such a precious drink requires a precious cup.

Drama hugged Van affectionately and said:

For many years, experiencing hunger and deprivation, we sought the light of truth. Many did not understand us and called us slackers. The purity of your heart, O Van, united with our prayers, and the light of truth illuminated our day. We will give people the best remedy for illness and fatigue. From now on, let tea help everyone look into the depths of their hearts.

Many years have passed since then. Together with Darma and his students, Wang grew more than one tea plantation. Soon the fame of the wonderful properties of tea spread throughout China. The great Chinese Emperor himself gave it to his entourage as a sign of special imperial favor.

At the end of his life, Wang wrote a story about the life of the Sage Drama and the miraculous properties of tea. His manuscript ended with the words: “Glorious be the tea that gave man vigor, strength and a surge of spirit; stimulating thought and not allowing laziness to take over the soul and body!

Questions and tasks for the fairy tale about tea:

How was Van different from other people?
Why did the monk reveal the secret of the wonderful drink to him?
Has tea helped you fight laziness?
If you decided to dedicate your life to spreading tea on earth, where would you start?
Imagine that Wang gave you his manuscript about the miraculous properties of tea to read. Tell us what you read about.

OLD SAMOVAR

Grandma, look what we brought you! - the boys shouted joyfully, taking a new electric kettle out of the box.

“He’ll boil water for you in one minute,” their little sister explained in a businesslike manner.

Thank you, dears,” said the old lady and, stroking the bright blue side of the new teapot, added:

It is very elegant, but it is unlikely that it contains as many wonderful tea stories as my old samovar. By the way, he's already been waiting for you.

When everyone had drunk fragrant tea with amber honey and sweet pies, the grandmother left to run errands, and the boys went to play in the yard. Left alone, the girl began to look at the shiny copper side of the samovar and thought: “Where can stories be hidden in the samovar, there is only boiling water there?”

Suddenly a puffing sound was heard from the large figured tap of the samovar:

Puff-puff! If you like stories, I can tell you one. I learned it from my great-grandfather. He served people for almost a hundred years and now rests in the museum. So listen:

“One day two brothers quarreled - the younger one took away the older one’s bride. Forty years have passed since then. The brothers became rich merchants, but did not see each other. One day they invited the most notable merchants to the king’s palace. Among them were two brothers. The older brother looked at the younger brother, and the old hatred flared up in him.

The merchants' servants seated them at a table laden with honey and preserves, and served hot tea in cups.

The merchants drank three cups each, became flushed, and began to talk. The younger brother began to slowly glance at the older one. I remembered how he defended him as a child, but the older man looked away. Then the king came out to the guests, the merchants bowed to him:

Thank you very much, sir, for the treat. Your overseas drink is not strong, but it is good. It doesn’t make your head feel stupefied, but adds vigor. For us merchants, this is just right - in our business we need a vigorous and clear head.

I’m glad that you liked the tea,” the king answers the guests. - We concluded an agreement with China, according to which Moscow is allowed to equip trade caravans to Beijing for tea. But I don’t know which of you to entrust with such a complex matter.

The merchants began to take turns praising their virtues. Everyone wanted to get their hands on a profit

new contract. When it came to the younger brother’s turn, he suddenly said:

Sir, only my brother can handle such a thing. You cannot find a more reliable and honest person than him.

The elder brother blushed and replied:

Forgive me, brother, for meeting you with anger today, but tea has cleared my thoughts, and I can firmly tell the sovereign that there is no smarter merchant in our city than you.

That's good! - the king was delighted. - So both of you will lead the trade caravan to China.

The brothers bowed to the king and then hugged each other tightly. The journey from Moscow to China took more than a year, so the merchants did not return soon. They completed the assigned task with honor - they brought with them several hundred bales of excellent Chinese tea.

However, at first the tea sold poorly. Rich Muscovites looked at Chinese grass with suspicion, and the poor could not afford tea. The brothers became despondent, but then the younger brother showed his wits. He opened the first tea shop in Moscow and wrote above the entrance: “Where there is tea, there is paradise under the spruce tree.”

And on all the walls of the teahouse he wrote in beautiful letters sayings about tea that he heard in China:

Tea is nutritious, healthy and banishes diseases,

Tea teaches respect and gives intelligence,

Tea refines the mind and cures idle thoughts,

Tea strengthens the will and softens the spirit.

In addition, in the teahouse, each visitor received one free gingerbread with a cup of tea. Soon there was no end to buyers. People in Russia love tea. And they did the right thing, because it contains so many useful substances and vitamins that it is impossible to list them. They learned, for example, that tea contains a lot of fluoride, and they began to rinse their mouths with it to strengthen their teeth and gums. And it helped a lot of people! There were almost no dentists at that time!”

The samovar puffed again and fell silent. The girl stroked his warm side and said:

You are a true keeper of tea.

And I always kept myself cozy,” the flattered samovar began to puff again. - The family would gather around the boiling samovar, and all quarrels and strife would instantly subside: whoever drinks tea will not be sad!

Questions and tasks for the fairy tale:

What do you like to drink tea with most?
When you drink tea, what is more important to you: the taste of the tea itself or what you drink it with?
Interview the teapot or samovar that your family uses to make tea and record it.
Imagine that a samovar from a fairy tale has invited you on an excursion to the museum of samovars and teapots. Tell us how this museum works, what exhibits are there, and draw a picture of the samovar that surprised you the most.
Why do you think the king chose two merchant brothers?
What would you do if you were a merchant to make people love tea and buy it?
If you were the owner of a tea shop, how would it be set up?
Give examples from life that confirm that tea is the guardian of the family hearth.

Tea is one of the most common drinks in Russia. It relieves fatigue and headaches well, increases mental and physical activity, stimulates the functioning of the brain, heart, and breathing. The tea plant synthesizes large quantities of catechins (tea tannin), which have P-vitamin activity, as well as vitamins - ascorbic acid, thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinic, pantothenic and folic acids, carotenoids. Tea is a rich source of minerals. The biologically valuable substances of tea, forming a single complex, have a beneficial effect on the human body. Tea adsorbs harmful substances (heavy metals, radionuclides) well and removes them from the body. The biological valuable substances of tea have an antioxidant effect on fat and cholesterol metabolism. Tea is a good body thermoregulator - it warms you well in cold weather, and cools you down in hot weather. The healing properties of tea are due to its antiseptic and bactericidal effect, manifested in diseases of the liver, stomach, kidneys, and capillary fragility.

Thanks to the variety of substances contained in tea, this drink has a good effect on digestion and the nervous system, facilitates the functioning of the heart and vascular system, lowers blood pressure and increases human vital energy.

Currently, the Russian market offers a huge range of tea products. In Rus', tea has been a national drink since time immemorial. Having a relatively low price compared to coffee and great popularity, tea is bought by almost the entire population of the country. But it is precisely the low price and high popularity of the product that is often the reason that frankly low-quality goods enter the trade. This happens due to incorrect technology for processing tea leaves, when stored in deviations from the norms, as well as for many other reasons, for example, when tea is packaged not at a specialized enterprise, but clandestinely from smuggled or discarded raw materials. Therefore, the issue of tea examination is very relevant in our time.

Of course, tea, if produced and stored incorrectly, cannot cause severe poisoning. But the lack of required taste qualities in purchased tea can cause a negative consumer reaction to this particular variety and cause economic damage to the enterprise producing this type of tea. Therefore, the examination of tea, like other products, is of great importance not only for the benefit of the country’s population, but also for the enterprises that produce and sell this product.

A Brief History of Tea

The birthplace of tea is China. The first mention of the tea plant was found in the 1st century AD, during the reign of the Han Dynasty - at the same time the hieroglyph “cha” appeared. But there is evidence that the Chinese knew tea already in the 3rd century BC. There is a romantic legend in China about how people discovered the tea bush - in 2737 BC, leaves of a tea plant accidentally fell into the cup of the divine farmer Shen Nong. After trying the decoction, he was allegedly shocked by its taste and tonic effect, and began drinking it daily.

At first, tea was used as a medicine, and the rulers of China gave it to those close to them as a sign of special imperial favor. It took the Chinese about three centuries to make tea a national drink. Gradually, traditions of the tea ceremony began to develop, and in the 8th century, Lu Yu, the author of the famous treatise “The Canon of Tea,” formulated the main principles of tea drinking: “Transparent and weak - good, in moderation - beautiful; after eating, drink less, before going to bed - do not drink at all ; after brewing, drink; after drinking, brew."

Around the 5th century, the Chinese began to trade tea with the Turkic tribes; during the Tang Dynasty (618-907), a truly “golden age” began for the tea trade - tea was recognized by the nomadic peoples of the Great Steppe and the Tibetans. Nomads discovered that drinking tea helped avoid common diseases associated with a lack of plant foods.

By the 9th century, tea penetrated into Japan, where it became not only a national drink, but also left its mark on all aspects of the spiritual life of the Japanese - from poetry to philosophy. And at the end of the twentieth century, the tea ritual in Japan remains unchanged - it seems that even time is in no hurry over a cup of tea.

Europe discovered tea only at the beginning of the 16th century - in 1517, Portuguese sailors brought it as a gift to their king. But the Old World truly “tasted” tea almost a hundred years later, when Dutch ships delivered the first shipments of “Chinese herb” to Europe.

Conservative England enthusiastically accepted tea - in 1664, the East India Company sent King Charles a valuable gift - two pounds of tea, and from that time on, tea conquered Foggy Albion once and for all. Tea shops appeared, and in 1717 the “Golden Lion” tea house opened in London. Unlike pubs - beer bars, where only men gathered, the new tea room is open to women.

At the beginning of the 19th century, the seventh Duchess of Bedford, Anne, began gathering friends for a cup of afternoon tea - this is where the famous English "five o" clock originates. Since then, the whole country - from the Queen to the Irish ploughman - pours cups at exactly five o'clock in the evening hot aromatic drink.By the way, in the traditions of English tea drinking there is still an “oriental trace”: the British dilute tea with milk, as the Mongolian nomads did, and serve salty biscuits with tea, which is reminiscent of the Japanese custom of drinking salted tea.

But the British themselves played an important role in the history of tea: it was they who spread the tea plant around the world, starting its cultivation in the Indian province of Assam, Ceylon, Kenya and many other countries. Today, tea is grown in almost forty countries, and the largest amounts of tea are produced in India, China, Sri Lanka, Kenya, Indonesia, Turkey and Vietnam. And the main consumers of tea are Russia, Great Britain, Pakistan, USA, Japan

Tea appeared in Russia in the 17th century: in 1638, the Russian ambassador, boyar Vasily Starkov, brought gifts to Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich from the Mongolian Altyn Khan - among the famous Mongolian atlases and furs were bundles of dry leaves. Starkov refused to take this dried herb, but the Mongol ruler insisted on his own, and so tea appeared in Muscovy for the first time. Tart and bitter, the “potion” nevertheless pleased Mikhail Fedorovich; In addition, it was observed that "Chinese herb" "precipitates vapors, refreshes and purifies the blood." However, the four pounds of tea sent by Altyn Khan ran out, and soon the taste of tea in Moscow began to be forgotten. Only almost 30 years later, under Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, the Russian ambassador to China Ivan Perfilyev again brought tea to Russia, and in 1769 Russia concluded the first tea supply agreement with China.

Tea was a rather expensive pleasure for Russia - it cost about ten times more than in Europe, since it was delivered to Russia by trade caravans, and the journey from Beijing to Moscow took more than a year. For a long time it remained a “city drink”, and mainly Moscow. Even in St. Petersburg, tea is brought from Moscow, and until the middle of the last century, only one specialized store will be opened in the capital. (In Moscow, the number of tea shops is already approaching a hundred).

Over time, the share of sea transportation increases, the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway ends, and at the end of the 19th century, a truly triumphant march of tea across Russia begins. Tea is becoming cheaper, is sold literally on every corner, and is being introduced into the supply of the Russian army. Tea houses are opening all over the country, tea etiquette is being developed - a special type of invitation to visit “for tea” appears. In her famous book “A Gift for Young Housewives,” Elena Molokhovets describes in detail the serving of friendly evening tea - lemon, sugar, crackers, cookies, buns and buns, as well as rum and light wines are served on the table. Tea is included in folk proverbs, sayings, fairy tales, and is beginning to influence the vocabulary of the Russian language - remuneration for any small service to a doorman, cab driver, or waiter is now called “tip.”

The appearance of the samovar brought a new note to Russian tea drinking - from now on it is the main participant in the Russian tea feast, an indispensable accessory of any family home. “At four o’clock, the murmur of samovars can be heard throughout Zamoskvorechye; - Ostrovsky writes.

Tea knows no social differences - it is loved both in the high society salons of St. Petersburg and in the black-heated village hut, it is drunk in the taverns of the Meshchanskaya Sloboda and in fashionable restaurants. Tea drinking in Russia is more than just a table tradition - it is a way of life, a national character trait, a symbol of hospitality and hospitality.

Bibliography

To prepare this work, materials were used from http://www.su-shef.ru/

Tea is the most popular drink on earth. Moreover, it is very ancient. The story began more than 5,000 years ago. Moreover, many legends incline humanity to the idea that it learned about tea by accident. It was as if the providence of higher powers.

The history of tea: many legends

The Chinese emperor went on a campaign. He and his army were at a rest stop; under some tree there was a cauldron in which water was boiling. By chance, several leaves were blown off the tree by the wind and fell into the boiling water. The emperor decided to drink water, and he was amazed at its unusual taste. From now on, the emperor drank only a decoction from the leaves of this tree. The history of tea is not limited to the retold legend. In China, and in some other countries in that region, there are a lot of such stories.

For example, in India it is believed that one of the Buddhist monks had knowledge about tea. He used the mental clarity and cheerfulness that tea provided for long meditations. Another story says that sheep and goats were the first to taste tea. The shepherds were surprised by the cheerful behavior of the animals, who tasted the leaves from the tea tree.

It is not so important which legend is most true. After all, both Chinese emperors and Buddhist monks developed tea recipes and methods for brewing it. They spread the culture of its consumption throughout the world.

Fascinating Tea Facts

Only in the 2nd century AD did China introduce a single name for this drink. The drink began to be called “cha”, which translated means “young leaf”;
A separate hieroglyph for tea was introduced only in the 5th century;
The tea tree became the property of China. Emperors rarely sold or exchanged it. In exchange for the tea tree they gave silver, jewelry, furs;
In ancient times, tea was also consumed for its medicinal properties;
In some provinces of China, tea was consumed with butter. Rice was added to it, and the crushed leaves were used as a seasoning;
Tea came to Europe only in the 17th century. It was brought by the Dutch;
Initially there was a very high duty on tea in Europe;
People chose black tea because it was cheaper.

History of tea in Russia

Tea also appeared in Russia in the 17th century. More precisely, in 1638. Then the Russian Tsar received gifts from the Mongol Khan. Among the many expensive gifts were dry leaves. This is how tea first appeared in Moscow. Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich appreciated the taste of the bitter, tart “potion.” In addition, Chinese herb, as the tea came to be called, cleansed the blood and refreshed general well-being. Interestingly, the Mongols no longer sent tea. And in Russia they happily forgot about this drink for thirty years. Only in 1769 did the Russian ambassador again bring tea, this time from China itself. In the same year, the first contract for the supply of tea to Russia was concluded. The journey of tea from Beijing to Moscow took a whole year. For a long time, tea did not leave the city. They drank it exclusively in Moscow. Even to St. Petersburg, tea was brought from Moscow. The active spread of tea throughout Russia began only at the end of the 19th century.

The variety of tea varieties today allows you to discover the taste of this tea every evening.

People have known about tea as a plant since ancient times, and the history of tea has been developing for more than 5 thousand years. Initially it was believed that tea came from, but in the 19th century there were reports of tea thickets found in India, Tibet and the Himalayas. Therefore, it is still impossible to say unambiguously which country is the real historical homeland.

At first, the invigorating tea drink was consumed only during long religious ceremonies. But after some time, people noticed the wonderful taste properties and tonic effect on the body. Since then, a widespread passion for this drink began, which determined its history.

It is important! Eastern emirs were the first to introduce the fashion for tea. At the beginning of our era, tea conquered China, and 500 years later it became popular in Korea and Japan. In European countries, they tried this tonic drink only in the 16th century, when sailors from Portugal brought precious tea leaves from China, presenting it as a gift to their king.

The history of the origin of tea. Legends of China

The history of tea is intertwined with many myths and legends. In China, this drink is a kind of cult, so over 5 thousand years several different versions of the origin of tea have appeared.

Story 1

This legend tells us that the ancient emperor ShenNun was boiling a cauldron of water when the wind accidentally blew the leaves of a tea tree growing nearby into it. When ShenNun tried what he got, his admiration knew no bounds - the drink turned out to be extremely tasty and invigorating. And already from the emperor’s palace, tea began its journey throughout the Celestial Empire. The ceremonial serving of a tea drink was a mandatory tradition when receiving respected and honored guests.

Story 2

Another legend says that in ancient times, shepherds noticed that something unusual was happening to animals that consumed tea leaves - they became very cheerful. People also decided to try a decoction of these leaves. This is how they learned that tea is incredibly tasty, healthy and a good tonic. Then his journey around the planet began.

Story 3

The next legend tells that in China there lived a monk who decided to pray incessantly, without being distracted by rest and sleep. But a few days later, sleep overcame him, and the monk fell soundly asleep. When the monk woke up, he decided to cut off his eyelids so that they could not close against his will. But as soon as they touched the ground, the eyelids turned into leaves. And since then they have been used to make an invigorating drink that relieves drowsiness.

Story 4

The last legend tells of Emperor Yang Di, who often collected medicinal plants. One day he was betrayed and poisoned, then the emperor had no choice but to lie down and wait for death. He barely made it to the tea bush, where he lay down to die. But by chance, the juice from the leaves fell into Yang Di's mouth, and he was miraculously healed.

It is important. In the 13th century there was a decline in culture, which is associated with the attack of the Mongol yoke. Over the years, many traditions have been forgotten. The revival of culture began only during the reign of the Ming Dynasty, but it underwent some changes.

From this time a new history of tea began , who was now preparing differently. The Chinese people began to drink mainly loose leaf tea, which was brewed with hot water and infused. Travelers from Europe learned this recipe for making the drink.

The story of how the tea drink came to Japan

It is believed that the Japanese learned about it thanks to the Buddhist monk Dengo Daishi. Back in the early 9th century, he studied for some time in China, becoming addicted to tea there. And upon returning to the Land of the Rising Sun, he took with him some tea bush seeds. The drink became especially popular among monks and was used by them during meditation to give strength and vigor.

Tea began to spread among ordinary people only in the 13th century. The Japanese actively researched the healing properties of the tea drink, and even created an entire ceremony. The tea ceremony is, first of all, based on taste - you need to taste it, feel its taste, and fully enjoy it. During this time, the environment should be calm, harmony, peace and serenity reign around.

Since the 15th century, the history of tea culture has become a kind of religion, which had its own traditions and rituals. This ceremony was treated with extreme respect and awe. was firmly present in all areas of life, for example, young girls were taught all the intricacies of conducting. Without this knowledge, a Japanese woman could not get married.

History of tea in India

Despite the fact that large-scale production of tea leaves in India began only in the 19th century, thanks to the initiative of England, the country has known about the tea drink for a long time. Created in 750-550. BC. The epic Ramayan contains the story of the healer Hanuman, who was sent to the Himalayas to collect tea leaves for medicinal purposes. According to the studies, it was possible to prove that the plant has been used in India for many thousands of years. This is why the history of the origin of tea is so controversial. Mass production of tea leaves began only in 1820 by the famous East India Company.

In a short period of time, the Assam region managed to become the largest producer of tea leaves - the mass of collected tea reached 715 tons. Tea varieties grown in the Assam region and island were especially prized. For a long time, India was known as the main and largest manufacturer of tea leaves, but in recent years China has managed to take the lead.

The history of tea's journey to Europe

The first to bring tea to Europe were the Portuguese. A few years later, tea was imported into Europe through the Dutch colony in Indonesia. Most of the tea leaves were then imported from Japan. The first countries where tea could be found were Holland, France and Germany. A little later, the drink found its way into England, where it was imported by Dutch travelers.

History of the spread of the drink in France

Among the first to fall in love with the drink was King Louis XIV of France. He heard that in the Celestial Empire, with the help of tea, it was possible to prevent the occurrence of apoplexy and gout. And since the king himself suffered from gout, he was not slow in starting to be treated in this way. Of course, what eased Louis’ suffering could also cure the common people.

Tea was especially loved by men - they tried to recreate the Chinese ceremony by decorating rooms in traditional Chinese style and preferring cups made of fine porcelain. At first, ladies remained faithful to coffee and cocoa, not immediately accepting the unusual taste of the tea drink.

History tells that an attempt was even made to plant tea bushes in the park near the palace, but it was unsuccessful - the plant felt good only in the greenhouse. Apparently, the climate of France was unsuitable for the bushes. Soon, the famous botanist Carl Linnaeus became interested in growing tea, giving it the Latin name CamelliaThea.

The history of tea in America

Numerous emigrants from England brought with them the love of tea and the habit of constantly drinking it to the New World. In North America, they learned about the drink from the Dutch, who surprised the country around the 17th century.

History says that consumption of the tea drink was especially high among the elite. Tea parties, during which the best sets of expensive fine porcelain and silver teapots were placed on the table, were a symbol of success. Often all representatives of the high society of Boston and Philadelphia gathered for these events. But gradually tea began to be actively consumed among the lower strata of the population. And everywhere tea was a sign of hospitality.

Initially, the Puritans prepared a drink with salt and butter. The inhabitants of New England drank expensive varieties of green Chinese tea. It has become fashionable to mix it with gardenia flowers, orris roots and saffron. Gradually, these preferences faded away, but the popularity of the drink continued to grow: in most families it was consumed at least twice a day.

There is a story about how, in the 20th century, a major New York merchant came up with the idea of placing tea leaves in small silk bags. This initiative has become very popular in a short time, changing the approach to preparing the drink. Unfortunately, this led to a decrease in the taste of the drink. The invention became the progenitor for modern tea bags and pyramids, invariably preferred by a huge part of the world's population.

The story of the tea drink in England

The first documented mention of tea is in a newspaper in 1658. It published an advertising note by Thomas Harvey, containing laudatory odes to tea, listing its many advantages and healing properties. It was Harvey who began selling tea, and at that time it was quite expensive - only aristocrats could afford it.

In 1700, with the growing popularity of English tea, it became much cheaper and became loved by the common people. Thomas was the first to teach the British how to make a tea drink with the addition of milk. Before this, the population practiced adding ginger, nutmeg, and saffron. Initially, the history of tea with milk begins in Mongolia, from where this tradition spread to the Celestial Empire and France.

Six years later, coffee shops began offering tea to visitors, and in 1717, the first tea shop was opened by Thomas Twining. It was called the “Golden Lion”, and visiting it was allowed not only to the male half of England, but also to the female half.

It is important! The famous tradition of afternoon drinking was started by the Duchess of Bradford in 1840.

At that time, breakfast in England was very small, and the main meal usually took place at 8-9 pm. Therefore, most felt hungry by noon. The weakness experienced by the duchess from hunger caused the servants to secretly bring sandwiches and biscuits to her room. The Duchess feared that if her secret was revealed, she would be subjected to ridicule, but everyone willingly supported this endeavor. Around the same time, the Earl of Sandwich came up with a new type of snack - two pieces of bread with a filling in the middle.

The history of the appearance of tea in Russia

Tea appeared in Russia in 1638, when Ambassador Vasily was presented with 4 pounds of tea leaves from France. At that time, Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich ruled, who did not properly appreciate the gift. Merchants and Russian aristocrats just began to bring tea little by little, but used it mainly for medicinal purposes.

About 30 years later, Russian doctors gave the then ruling Alexei Mikhailovich advice - to drink a tea drink to relieve stomach pain. The story goes that the tea not only cured the king of pain, but also pleased him with its unusual taste properties. Since then, tea leaves have been imported regularly. Then they bought leaves in, and the cargo reached its destination in large caravans, consisting of 200-300 camels. Each animal carried up to 600 pounds of tea leaves.

History tells that in 1769, thanks to Tsarina Catherine II, the consumption of tea in Rus' increased even more - now caravans with precious cargo included up to 6 thousand camels. Tea leaves became the main product at fairs and were quite expensive. One could find not only black tea, but also rare types of green and even white tea.

During the reign of Alexander II, the opening of the first teahouses began. These establishments opened as early as 5 a.m., unlike other places where visitors were allowed in much later. Teahouses were popular among the working-peasant class and served as places of relaxation. It was not uncommon to find newspapers, billiards, and even a gramophone in the teahouse. In establishments of this type, it has become a kind of tradition to set up long tables so that visitors can freely communicate with each other.

The drink was consumed everywhere - from palaces to poor people's shacks. And the number of tea parties per day depended on the desire and wealth of the owners. Back then, the price of sugar was very high, and it was customary to eat lumps of sugar with a drink as a bite. Often on the table along with tea were pies, gingerbread cookies, rolls and other baked goods.

Along with the history of the appearance of tea in Russia is the beginning of the use of the samovar. Not a single celebration or celebration was complete without it. From the very beginning, the samovar began to be considered a sign of hospitality. It gives the home a special coziness and feeling of prosperity. The samovar is a kind of symbol of Russia, the same as a balalaika or a nesting doll.

The history of tea is multifaceted and interesting - many destinies, legends and stories are intertwined in it. Each country has its own history of the origin of this drink, and each of them is interesting in its own way. But one thing is absolutely true - all over the world this drink is appreciated and loved by both the common population and the highest strata of society.

Natalya Mudraya

The theme week about stories tea in our kindergarten.

The children and their teachers spent a whole week traveling around stories: we learned that the birthplace of tea is China, and tea rooms There are plantations in India, Greece, Turkey and, of course, in Russia. We learned the legend about the Chinese emperor to whom leaves fell into a pot of boiling water. tea tree, and this drink gave him strength, vigor and energy.

On the holiday met children from preparatory groups"Mistress" in Russian folk costume. With music and jokes, the mystery of brewing different types of tea began, which were called children: green, yellow, red, tiled tea "Pu'er" and unusual tea "Lotus flower". Children watched with interest the magical transformations unwrapping tea leaves.

Chinese women came to visit while listening to Chinese music and introduced the children to the traditions of Chinese tea ceremony. In response, the children talked about tea drinking traditions in Russia, England, France and America. Performances children were costumed and accompanied by national music.

The holiday ended with a general tea party and funny jokes!

« Tea ceremony» ]

Children sit on chairs.

Russian folk music sounds.

Teacher in Russian suit:

Come in, dear guests, we are always happy to have guests!

In Rus' there has always been a tradition of greeting guests with bread and salt and inviting them to the samovar. Rus' has long drank herbal infusions and decoctions. What useful herbs do you know?

Answers children: brewed chamomile, St. John's wort, mint, raspberry and currant leaves.

They also really loved berry broth; what berries were they used to make it from?

Answers children: from raspberries, currants, blueberries, strawberries, etc.

About 300 years ago, a drink appeared in Rus' - tea.

POEM:

If you are cold, tea will warm you up,

If you're hot, it will cool you down,

If you're upset, he'll cheer you up,

If you are excited, he will calm you down.

Guys, where did tea come from, where did it appear?

Answers children: in the 17th century, Tsar Mikhail Romanov received several pounds of tea as a gift from Chinese ambassadors; after tasting this drink, the Tsar felt strength and vigor in his body and ordered to distribute this drink throughout Rus'.

What types of tea do you know?

Answers children:

Black, green, red, white, yellow, tea with fruits or berries, etc.

I want to show you two unusual views tea: this is tea "Chinese Lotus"(ball, and tiled tea "Pu'er". (children look at teas)

I suggest brewing all these types of tea and seeing how they differ. (tea is brewed in glass teapots or glasses so that the color can be seen)

Chinese music sounds and a Chinese woman enters.

Hello, dear guests, come in and tell us where you come from.

(Chinese woman bows and greets "Ni-hao")

Chinese:

My name is Miss Shen. Children, I want to tell you history of tea.

The birthplace of tea is the Chinese province of Yunnan, which means "Southern Cloud". (illustration 1)

Tea culture is more than five thousand years old. Tea the plant in China has the form of a bush with a height of 1 to 3 meters. Only women collect tea. (illustration 2)

In China there is such legend: “The Chinese Emperor Shen Nag loved to travel. He drank only boiled water, as he looked after his health. One day, the emperor was resting under a tree and waiting for water to boil in a cauldron on a fire.

The wind blew and carried several leaves from a tree into the cauldron, which turned out to be tea tree. These leaves gave the water an unusual taste. The emperor really liked this drink. Having quenched his thirst, he felt an extraordinary surge of energy, and was able to hit the road ahead of schedule.”

Several thousand years ago, a hieroglyph for tea appeared. (illustration 3) It is pronounced So: "tha" or "tsha".later they started talking "cha".

Madam Shen, our children know how to pronounce the word tea in different languages.

Answers children:

In Portuguese - chaa,

In Japanese it is chya,

In English - ti,

In German - tee,

In French - te,

In Turkish - tea,

In Arabic - sha.

Guys, you know so much about tea, can you tell me where else it is available? tea plantations?

Answers children:- Tea grows in India (illustration 4, in Turkey, in Greece.

Height of some tea trees reach 15 meters.

In Russia, tea also grows in the Krasnodar region. (illustration 5)

Chinese:

A perhaps in other countries Do people, besides China, also drink tea?

Certainly! Guys, let's tell Mrs. Shen what tea rooms traditions exist in different countries.

(children in national costumes, national music accompanies stories)

Russian tea drinking is a real holiday!

Tea was served in a samovar, and tea: pies, pancakes, honey, jam, sweets and all sorts of delicious things!

A guest who comes to a Russian home is always offered a cup of tea. And if the guests refuse, the hostess may be offended.

In France, they like to drink fruit tea and herbal tea. Mademoiselle Coco loved tea with fresh apples. First, the apple is cut into small pieces, placed in a cup, sugar is added, and then tea is poured.

Croissants and crispy buns are served with tea in France.

Americans are hot people! That's why they love cold drinks.

Place a few pieces of ice in a glass and pour tea over it.

Iced tea is ready!

In England, tea is supposed to be drunk with milk. At 5 o'clock in the evening, the British sit down in armchairs, and there is a small table in front of the guests. There is tea and a jug of milk on it. First, hot milk is poured into a cup, and then tea.

In England they serve cupcakes for tea.

Chinese:

Guys, would you like me to introduce you to Chinese tea ceremony?

(a low table is placed, on it there are bamboo napkins, a bowl, kettle)

Children, like a Chinese woman, sit on knees on the carpet.

The Chinese brew tea in special porcelain cups - gaiwans, always with a lid and a deep saucer.

brewing kettle may be clay or porcelain. Each brew leaves its own aroma inside, so the inner walls the kettle is never washed. Green tea can be brewed 3-4 times, and black tea can only be drunk when it is freshly brewed. Fresh tea is like a balm, but tea left overnight is like a snake.

In a Chinese family, tea is poured by the oldest woman or the eldest daughter.

Thank you, Mrs. Shen, for an interesting story. And now I propose to consider the tea that we brewed. (children look, discuss)

According to Russian tradition, I invite everyone to the table, we will drink tea from the samovar!

While drinking tea, children can remember proverbs and sayings about tea:

Proverbs and sayings about tea.

Drinking tea is not cutting wood.

Don't be lazy, but distinguish between straw and tea!

Drink some tea and you will forget the melancholy.

We don’t miss tea - we drink seven cups each!

Come for tea and I’ll treat you to some pies.

Our tea is Chinese, the sugar is the owner's.

Nobody choked on tea in Rus'!