Types of pensions and their structure. Insurance (labor) disability pension. Components of size

Structure labor pensions quite different. Thus, an old-age labor pension and a disability labor pension can consist of three: a basic part; insurance part; storage part.

However, the funded part can only be assigned to persons born after 1966. The labor pension in case of loss of a breadwinner consists of two parts: the basic and the insurance part.

The basic part is established by federal law and is for 2009:

old-age labor pension for persons disability labor pension up to 80 years old 80 years and older III degree II degree I degree standard pension, rub. 1950 3900 3900 1950 975 for persons with the required work experience in the districts Far North(KS) 2925 5850 5850 2925 1463 for persons with work experience in areas equivalent to KS. 2535 5070 5070 2535 1268

For persons whose dependents are disabled family members, the amount of the basic part of the old-age labor pension and disability labor pension is further increased:

1) for persons with the required work experience in the Far North - by 975 rubles. for one dependent, but not more than three dependents - 975 rubles each. for everyone;

2) for persons with the required work experience in areas equated to the Far North - by 845 rubles. for one dependent, but not more than three dependents - 845 rubles each. for everyone;

3) for other citizens - by 650 rubles. for one dependent, but not more than three dependents - 650 rubles each. for everyone.

The size of the basic part of the labor pension in the event of the loss of a breadwinner is 975 rubles. If its recipient is a person from among orphans, the pension size increases to 1950 rubles.

The insurance part of the old-age labor pension is calculated using the formula:

SC = PC / T, where

SCH - the insurance part of the old-age labor pension;

PC - the amount of the estimated pension capital of the insured person, taken into account as of the day from which the specified person is assigned the insurance part of the old-age labor pension;

T – survival rate (Appendix 1).

The amount of the insurance part of the old-age labor pension of insured persons who were recipients of the insurance part of the labor disability pension for a total of at least 10 years cannot be less than the size of the insurance part of the labor disability pension, which was established for these persons as of the day from which they were finally stopped paying the specified part of this pension.

When assigning the insurance part of an old-age labor pension at a later age than provided for in paragraph 1 of Article 7 of Law No. 173-FZ, the expected period for payment of an old-age labor pension is reduced by one year for each full year that has elapsed from the date of reaching the specified age. In this case, the expected period of payment of the old-age labor pension used to calculate the amount of the insurance part of the said pension cannot be less than 14 years (168 months).

The size of the funded part of the old-age labor pension is determined by the formula:

LF = PN / T, where

LF - the size of the funded part of the labor pension;

Mon - amount pension savings the insured person recorded in the special part of his individual personal account as of the day from which he is assigned the cumulative part of the old-age labor pension;

T – survival rate;

The insurance part of the labor disability pension is calculated using the following formula:

SC = PC / (T x K), where

K - ratio of standard duration insurance period(in months) as of the specified date to 180 months. The standard duration of insurance coverage until a disabled person reaches the age of 19 is 12 months and increases by 4 months for each full year of age starting from 19 years, but not more than up to 180 months.

The amount of the insurance part of the labor pension in the event of the loss of a breadwinner for each disabled family member is determined by the formula:

SC = PC / (T x K) / KN, where

KN - the number of disabled family members of the deceased breadwinner who are recipients of the specified pensions established in connection with the death of this breadwinner as of the day from which a labor pension in the event of the loss of a breadwinner is assigned to the corresponding disabled family member.

If a labor pension for the loss of a breadwinner is established in connection with the death of a person for whom the insurance part of an old-age labor pension or the insurance part of a labor pension for disability was established on the day of death, the amount of the insurance part of a labor pension for the loss of a breadwinner for each disabled member family is determined by the formula:

SCh = SChp / KN, where

SCH - the amount of the insurance part of the labor pension in the event of the loss of a breadwinner;

SChp - the amount of the insurance part of the old-age labor pension or disability labor pension established for the deceased breadwinner as of the day of his death.

In force disabilities and due to health reasons, some people are not able to engage in work. The state undertakes to support such persons by providing them with the right to a number of benefits and cash payments. This benefit is an insurance (labor) pension accrued to disabled people. The article reveals what the essence of this payment is, what actions the applicant must take to receive it and the procedure for calculating it.

Concept and structure of disability pension

This is material support provided by the state for:

Disabled people.
Disabled.

It is provided to those individuals who are not able to independently earn and provide for themselves due to limited capabilities.

Payment is made monthly. The amount of the benefit is calculated depending on the disability group assigned to the recipient:

Group I – the most severe types of injuries, injuries and complex health conditions. They receive the largest pension.
Group II – people who can count on average benefits.
Group III - they are assigned the smallest pension.

Only those who have received an appropriate medical certificate confirming the presence of a disability can count on funds. Without it, the Pension Fund (PF) will accrue a regular pension.

Anyone who wishes to do so must undergo a medical and social examination (MSE). It is free and involves passing through a number of doctors. After all, the certificate records a conclusion drawn up on the basis of the person’s general health condition.

Structure of insurance (labor) disability pension consists of:

Base part, including increases for the group assigned to a disabled person, maintenance of children under 18 years of age and other cases in which an increase in pension is possible. The allowance is also given to those persons who support disabled relatives (taking into account disability).
Insurance part. It is calculated taking into account length of service disabled person and salary amount.
Cumulative part, depending on how much the citizen previously contributed to increase the future monthly pension.

Therefore, the total pension amount is calculated according to the formula:

Insurance (labor) disability pension = Basic part + Insurance part + Cumulative part

Pension Fund employees will calculate the final payment amount.

Important! If a person intentionally caused harm to his own health, he will lose the insurance portion, retaining the right to a social pension.

An applicant to receive payments must work for at least some time ( minimum experience work, allowing you to qualify for a pension - 1 day), which must be confirmed by entries in his work book.

People without work experience will not be able to apply for this payment. But they will retain the opportunity to receive a social pension.

Another requirement is health defects that prevent a person from working. At the same time, harm physical health a person must not be struck intentionally. Otherwise, if it is unclear under what circumstances the person received these injuries, the pension fund may refuse. Then the civil court will take up this matter.

The insurance (labor) pension is accrued from the moment when:

Based on the results of a medical and social examination, the citizen was recognized as disabled.
An application for payment was submitted to the Pension Fund. The applicant writes it on his own behalf. It must be sent no later than a year after the applicant was assigned a disability.

The money transfer is made for the last month of this period.

Attention! Every year, the recipient of a disability pension and other benefits will need to undergo a new MSA. If the pensioner does not appear for the re-examination on the established date, then he will lose his insurance (labor) pension for the next three months. In this case, the payment will be accrued after a three-month period, from the 1st day of the new month.

If during these three months (from the date the pension accrual was stopped) you underwent a second medical examination and were recognized as having limited work and viable capacity, then the payment will resume. Moreover, the disabled person will need to submit a corresponding application and attach the necessary documentation to it, and the amount of the pension will be recalculated.

In addition to the application, you will need to prepare the following documents:

Identity card.
Men provide a military ID.
Work book.

In addition to it, other documents are submitted confirming the performance of labor activity and the calculation of payment based on its results - contracts, civil agreements for the provision of services, a certificate of activity as an individual entrepreneur, certificates of salary calculation, etc.

A certificate indicating the pension (adjustment) coefficient.
Conclusion of a medical and social examination, which indicates the disability group.
Certificates confirming the rights of the future pensioner to certain benefits.

The Pension Fund may require other documents from the applicant:

Certificate of form 2-NDFL, which indicates the monthly earnings of the applicant for the previous two months.
Marriage or divorce certificate.
Certificate of change of initials (if the citizen has done this previously).
A document indicating the right to increase the amount of benefits and possible bonuses.
Papers confirming that future pensioner worked in hazardous and unhealthy conditions, or lived for some time in the Far North (as well as living in other territories with difficult ecology or climate). Depending on the area of residence of the applicant, the coefficient comes into force.
Birth certificates of children raised and supported by a disabled person.
Certificate of disability for those who have been disabled since childhood.
A document from investigative authorities in case a person has previously violated the law or intentionally caused harm to his own health.

Remember! If there are changes in the applicant's health status, the amount of payment may be revised. When the state of health has deteriorated and the ability to work has decreased, the basic part of the pension will be recalculated from the moment the pensioner’s disability group changes. The right to receive a new, increased pension will be received from the 1st day of the next month. But the insurance part will remain unchanged.

You can find out about the working hours of the nearest Pension Fund branch by going to the Pension Fund website. If the attached documentation has not been submitted within the established time frame, he will receive the pension only from the date of submission of the application. The PF is given 10 days to review the submitted application and documentation.

If the application is approved, the applicant will receive a pension certificate and will be able to receive a monthly pension. If he refuses, he will have to be notified of the reason for such a decision (it must be motivated), pointing out the mistakes and violations committed. Then the pensioner must correct the mistakes made within the prescribed period and resubmit the application to the Pension Fund. If you are refused again, you can consult with a lawyer, or, if you believe that the decision of the Pension Fund was incorrect, try to defend your position in court.

The money is paid until the citizen loses his disability, i.e. until old age or until the moment when he is considered healthy.

Age restrictions:

For men - 60 years.
For women - 55 years.

Important! Disabled people retain the right to receive other benefits:

Receipt social assistance. The legislation gives the right to receive cash in the amount of 1,000 rubles instead.
Purchasing medications in state pharmacies with a 50% discount.
Preferential travel to public transport, as well as free trips (round trip) on intercity transport if necessary to go for treatment to another locality.
Get a free ticket to a sanatorium for treatment (if you have an appropriate medical certificate).

Size and calculation

This payment is calculated taking into account such indicators as:

The amount of salary accrued to the applicant. The more he received previously, the higher the pension will be.
The presence of minor children being raised and maintained by a disabled person.
The disability group assigned to the citizen.

At the beginning of 2017, the amount of the disability insurance (labor) pension without an annual increase was equal to:

For group I – 7,720 rubles.
For group II – 3610 rubles.
For Group III– 1805 rubles.

Every year the state increases the amount of payments for disabled people. This year they grew:

For 865 rub. for people belonging to group I.
For 435 rub. for representatives of group II.
For 365 rub. for group III.

For those with more than 5 years of work experience, the benefit amount increases by 1% every year.

The minimum pension amount for people with groups I and II is minimum size old-age insurance (labor) pension (for group III – 2/3).

Increased pension provided:

Representatives of group I.
People living in the Far North.
Citizens supporting several children under 18 years of age. With each child, the pension increases by 980 rubles.
Holders of work experience earned in occupations that are harmful or hazardous to health.
Chernobyl victims and other persons previously located in the area of man-made and radiation accidents.
If there are other conditions that are listed in the Federal Law on disability insurance (labor) pension.
Those who participated in hostilities, WWII veterans and disabled people who suffered due to military operations (received concussion, incurable injury, lost a limb, etc.). These categories of the population are given a pension supplement in the amount of 1,000 rubles.

Insurance (labor) disability pension in accordance with the Federal Law

Article 1 of this Law defines the term “disabled person”. According to it, it is recognized as a person who has serious health problems acquired (both by inheritance and in the course of life) due to:

Pathologists.
Defects.
Injury

Such people cannot live a full life and need social support and protection.

Attention! This type of pension is regulated by other Laws, in particular:

Federal Law No. 173. It indicates that in a number of cases there are regulations governing the provision of old-age benefits.
Federal Law No. 166. This Law establishes the right to receive financial social assistance from the state.

Both foreigners living in the Russian Federation (at least 182 days a year) and stateless persons can apply for a disability pension. The main thing is the inability to work, the assigned disability group and registration with the Pension Fund.

So, potential recipients of an insurance (labor) pension will have to undergo an examination, based on the results of which a conclusion will be issued. It, along with other papers, will be considered by the Pension Fund, which is responsible for calculating payments. The amount of the benefit consists of many factors, therefore, the more supporting documents the applicant submits, the larger the pension amount will be.

The old-age labor pension consists of the following parts:

1) basic;

2) insurance;

3) cumulative.

The size of the basic part of the old-age labor pension is established:

1) 900 rub. per month;

2) persons who have reached the age of 80 years or are disabled people with a third degree limitation in their ability to work, the amount of the basic part of the old-age labor pension is 1800 rubles. per month;

3) persons who are dependent on disabled family members: if there is one such family member - 1200 rubles. per month; if there are two such family members - 1500 rubles. per month; if there are three or more such family members - 1800 rubles. per month;

4) persons who have reached the age of 80 years or are disabled, have a third degree limitation in the ability to work, and are dependent on disabled family members:

a) if there is one such family member - 2100 rubles. per month;

b) if there are two such family members - 2400 rubles. per month;

c) if there are three or more such family members - 2,700 rubles. per month;

5) for persons living in the regions of the Far North and equivalent areas, the size of the base portion is increased by the corresponding regional coefficient depending on the area (locality) of residence, for the entire period of residence of these persons in the specified areas (localities).

Children, brothers, sisters and grandchildren are recognized as disabled family members:

– under 18 years of age;

– full-time students in educational institutions, with the exception of educational institutions additional education, until they complete such training, but not longer than until they reach 23 years of age or older than this age, if they became disabled before the age of 18. The size of the insurance part of the old-age labor pension is determined by the formula:

SCH = PC / T,

where SC is the insurance part of the old-age labor pension; PC – the amount of the estimated pension capital of the insured person, taken into account as of the day from which the specified person is assigned the insurance part of the old-age labor pension; T – the number of months of the expected period of payment of the old-age labor pension used to calculate the insurance part of the specified pension, amounting to 19 years (228 months).

The size of the funded part of the old-age labor pension is determined by the formula: LF = PN / T,

where NF is the size of the funded part of the labor pension; PN – the amount of pension savings of the insured person, recorded in the special part of his individual personal account as of the day from which he is assigned the cumulative part of the old-age labor pension; T – the number of months of the expected period of payment of an old-age labor pension, used to calculate the funded part of the specified pension, determined in the manner established by federal law.

The size of the old-age labor pension is determined by the formula:

P = BC + SC + NC, where P is the size of the old-age labor pension; BC – the basic part of the old-age labor pension; SC – insurance part of the old-age labor pension; LF is the cumulative part of the old-age labor pension.

A labor old-age pension and a labor disability pension may consist of a basic, insurance and funded part of the pension.

The labor pension in case of loss of a breadwinner consists of a basic and an insurance component.

This structure of labor pensions is aimed at achieving three goals of pension provision: combating poverty, compensating for lost earnings and ensuring material sufficiency.

Different parts of the retirement pension have different sources of funding.

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See also: Pensions ( Coursework, 1999) and the Russian Pension System ( Abstract, 1999)

The structure of labor pensions of all types has a basic part - a single federal guarantee of a fixed (minimum) income in old age.

For all recipients of labor pensions (for old age, for disability and for the loss of a breadwinner), the basic part is set at a fixed amount, which is determined depending on the type of pension, the age of the pensioner, the established degree of limitation in the ability to work (disability group) and the presence of disabled members pensioner's family.

The insurance part of the labor pension depends on the labor results of a particular person (which are assessed on the basis of the pension rights accumulated by the citizen in connection with the payment by employers of insurance payments for this person to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation) and is established in a differentiated amount.

The basis for calculating the insurance part of the labor pension is the estimated pension capital of the insured person, the amount of which is formed from the total amount of insurance contributions received by the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation for a specific insured person, and the pension rights of the insured person acquired before the Law on Labor Pensions came into force (before January 1 2002), expressed in monetary terms.

The funded part of the labor pension for old age and disability is calculated from funds generated from received insurance contributions for mandatory funded financing of labor pensions and investment income, recorded in a special part of the individual personal account of the insured person.

General Declaration of Human Rights 1948 in Art. 22 declared that every person, as a member of society, has the right to social security. This right, by its nature, should make it possible to ensure, taking into account the material capabilities available to society, a decent existence of a person in the event of such life situations when he is not able to receive a source of income in exchange for the labor expended. Therefore, it is quite justified that Art. 25 of this Declaration binds the realization of the right of every person to a decent standard of living not only during the period when a person works, but also in cases of old age, illness, disability or in other cases of loss of livelihood due to circumstances beyond the control of the citizen.

The right to social security by age, in case of illness, disability and other cases established by law is enshrined in Art. 39 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. This is one of the most important social guarantees operating in any civilized society.

A pension (from the Latin pensio - payment) is a regular cash payment (per month), which is made in accordance with the procedure established by law to certain categories of persons from social funds and other sources intended for these purposes.

There are other definitions of the concept “pension”. Thus, in the textbook “Social Security Law” edited by K. N. Gusov, a pension is defined as a monthly cash payment assigned to disabled citizens when they reach a certain retirement age, when disability is established, in the event of the death of the breadwinner, as well as in connection with long-term professional activity.

The grounds for pension provision are various legal facts: reaching the appropriate retirement age; onset of disability; death of the breadwinner (for disabled family members of the breadwinner); long-term performance of a certain professional activity - length of service.

Currently, all pensions paid in Russian Federation, can be divided (primarily according to the sources of their payment and the peculiarities of legislative regulation) into two main

pensions for compulsory social insurance (paid from the amounts of insurance contributions for compulsory pension insurance accumulated in the Pension Fund);

pensions under state pension provision (these pensions are financed from federal budget).

The main types of pensions for compulsory social insurance are labor and professional. Labor pensions that are established and paid in accordance with the Labor Pensions Law include:

old age pension;

disability pension;

For state pension provision, in accordance with the Law of December 15, 2001, the following types of pensions can be awarded:

long service pension;

old age pension;

disability pension;

social pension;

survivor's pension.

It should be noted that the payment of labor pensions is carried out primarily within the framework of compulsory pension insurance, the organizational, legal and financial foundations of which are established by the Law of December 15, 2001. In addition, state pension insurance is regulated by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the legislation of the Russian Federation on taxes and fees, laws dated July 16, 1999, December 17, 2001, as well as the Federal Law “On individual (personalized) accounting in the state pension insurance system.”

Compulsory pension insurance is a system of legal, economic and organizational measures, aimed at compensating citizens for the earnings (payments, rewards in favor of the insured person) received by them before the establishment of compulsory insurance coverage. Its subjects are federal government bodies, insurers, countries. the owner and the insured persons.

The insurer is the Pension Fund of Russia. The Pension Fund of Russia, which is a state institution, and its territorial bodies constitute a single centralized system of bodies governing compulsory pension insurance funds in the Russian Federation, in which lower-level bodies are accountable to higher ones, while the state bears subsidiary liability for the obligations of the Pension Fund to the insured persons. In cases and in the manner provided for by federal law, non-state pension funds may also be insurers for compulsory pension insurance, along with the Pension Fund of Russia. The procedure for the formation of pension savings in these funds and their investment of the specified funds, the procedure for the transfer of pension savings from the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation and the payment of insurance contributions to non-state pension funds, as well as the limits for the exercise of the powers of the insurer by these funds are established by a special federal law.

In accordance with Art. 6 of the Federal Law “On Compulsory Pension Insurance in the Russian Federation”, policyholders for compulsory pension insurance are:

1) persons making payments to individuals, including:

organizations;

individual entrepreneurs;

individuals;

2) individual entrepreneurs (including
private detectives and notaries in private practice), lawyers.

If the policyholder simultaneously belongs to several categories of policyholders, the calculation and payment of insurance premiums are made by him on each basis.

Insured persons are persons who, in accordance with the law, are subject to compulsory pension insurance. The insured persons are citizens of the Russian Federation, as well as foreign citizens and stateless persons living on the territory of the Russian Federation:

working under an employment contract or under a civil law contract, the subject of which is the performance of work and the provision of services, as well as under a copyright and licensing agreement;

those who provide themselves with work (individual entrepreneurs, private detectives, notaries in private practice, lawyers);

who are members of peasant (farm) households;

working outside the territory of the Russian Federation in case of payment of insurance premiums, unless otherwise provided by an international treaty of the Russian Federation;

who are members of tribal, family communities small peoples North, engaged in traditional economic sectors;

According to Art. 8 of the Federal Law “On Compulsory Pension Insurance in the Russian Federation”, insurance risk is the loss by the insured person of earnings (payments, rewards in favor of the insured person) or other income in connection with the occurrence of insured event. An insured event, accordingly, is the achievement of retirement age, the onset of disability, or the loss of a breadwinner.

Mandatory insurance coverage for compulsory pension insurance is:

Insurance and funded parts of the old-age labor pension;

insurance and funded parts of the labor disability pension;

insurance part of the labor pension in case of loss of a breadwinner;

Social benefits for the burial of the dead
pensioners who were not working on the day of death.

Funds from the PFR budget have a specific purpose and are directed to:

Payment in accordance with the law
Russian Federation and international labor treaties of the Russian Federation
pensions and social benefits for the burial of deceased pensioners who were not working on the day of death;

Delivery of pensions paid at the expense of
Pension Fund budget funds;

Financial and logistical support for the current activities of the insurer (including
content of its central and territorial bodies);

Other purposes provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation on compulsory pension insurance.

The estimated pension capital is formed from the total amount of insurance premiums and other revenues to finance the insurance part of the labor pension, received for the insured person to the Pension Fund budget, on the basis of individual (personalized) accounting data, confirmed by the data of the organization.

new Federal Treasury of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation.

Accounting for insurance premiums included in the estimated pension capital is carried out in the manner determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Tariffs for insurance contributions to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, the calculation procedure, the procedure and terms for payment of insurance premiums by policyholders, as well as liability for violation of the legislation of the Russian Federation on compulsory pension insurance are established in Chapter. V Federal Law “On Compulsory Pension Insurance in the Russian Federation”.

Types of state pensions

In accordance with the pension legislation of the Russian Federation, labor and social pensions, pensions for conscripts, disability pensions from war injuries and general illness, war veterans and widows of the dead, etc. are currently assigned and paid.

In connection with labor and other socially useful activities counted in the total length of service, the following basic types of pension are assigned:

By old age (by age);

For disability;

In case of loss of a breadwinner;

For years of service.

For certain categories of insured citizens, an old-age pension is legally established at a reduced retirement age, and in some cases, at a reduced length of service. Pension legislation contains a fairly wide list of categories of citizens to whom an old-age pension is assigned at a lower age and, in some cases, with less length of service than required by the general rule.

Women who have given birth to five or more children and raised them up to eight years of age, as well as mothers of people disabled since childhood, who raised them up to this age;

For disabled people Patriotic War and other disabled people equal to them in relation to pension provision; visually impaired people of group I;

Citizens suffering from pituitary dwarfism (Lilliputians), and disproportionate dwarfs.

In addition, in accordance with the legislation and special regulations of the Government of the Russian Federation, which is granted such a right by the current pension law, a pension is established in connection with special working conditions for certain categories of workers employed (Lists of relevant jobs, professions and positions, taking into account the performance of which the pension is established at a reduced retirement age, are approved in the manner determined by the Government of the Russian Federation in agreement with the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation):

In underground work, in work with hazardous working conditions and in hot shops;

At work with difficult working conditions;

As tractor drivers in agriculture and other sectors of the national economy, as well as drivers of construction, road and loading and unloading machines;

In the textile industry in work with increased intensity and severity;

As working locomotive crews and workers of certain categories who directly organize transportation and ensure traffic safety on railway transport and metro (according to the list of professions and positions), as well as truck drivers directly in technological process in mines, mines, open-pit mines and ore quarries for the removal of coal, shale, ore, rock;

In expeditions, parties, detachments, on sites and in teams directly on field geological exploration, search, topographic-geodetic, geophysical, hydrographic, hydrological, forest management and survey work; as workers, foremen (including senior ones) directly at logging and timber rafting sites, including servicing mechanisms and equipment;

As machine operators (dockers - machine operators) of complex teams during loading and unloading operations in ports;

In the crew on ships of the sea, river fleet and fishing industry fleet;

As drivers of buses, trolleybuses, trams on regular city passenger routes;

Rescuers in professional emergency rescue services, professional emergency rescue units;

With those convicted as workers and employees of institutions executing criminal penalties in the form of imprisonment;

In positions of the state fire service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, etc.

On a preferential basis, a pension is also established in connection with work in the regions of the Far North and in equivalent areas: for men - upon reaching 55 years of age and for women - upon reaching 50 years of age, if they have worked for at least 15 calendar years in the regions of the Far North or at least 20 calendar years in areas equated to the regions of the Far North, and have a total work experience of at least 25 and 20 years, respectively. Citizens who have worked in the Far North for less than a specified period of time are granted a pension at a reduced age.

All types of labor pensions are financed from insurance contributions, and social pensions, pensions for conscripts and some other types pension payments- at the expense of the federal budget.

Pension legislation also provides for additional conditions for pension provision, in particular: age restrictions giving the right to a pension, minimum and maximum amounts of pension provision, restrictions on taking into account the amount of earnings when calculating the maximum pension amount, encouraged length of work experience and some other conditions.

Thus, pension provision in our country is carried out through compliance with the conditions and norms provided for by the Law of the Russian Federation “On State Pensions in the Russian Federation” and a whole set of relevant laws.

Financial Basics pension system Russia

A set of income and expenses that provide financing for the pension system of the Russian Federation. Budget Pension Fund Russia (PFR) is a completely autonomous financial system from the state budget at all levels of the federal structure of the Russian Federation (federal, constituent entities of the Federation and local).

The PFR budget must be balanced in terms of income and expenses by regulating the size and terms of payment of insurance premium rates for various categories of payers, as well as through direct reimbursement of funds from the federal budget to cover the current PFR budget deficit.

In accordance with Article 5 of the Law of the Russian Federation of December 17, 2001 No. 173-FZ “On Labor Pensions in the Russian Federation”, three types of labor pensions:

Labor old-age pension,

Labor disability pension,

Labor pension in case of loss of a breadwinner.

This Law does not contain pensions for long service, although the rules on the right to pensions of persons who previously received these pensions (teachers, medical and creative workers and some other categories of workers) have been preserved. In accordance with the provisions of the Law “On Labor Pensions in the Russian Federation,” they are now classified as recipients of an old-age labor pension. At the same time, as before, old-age labor pensions are assigned both upon reaching the generally established retirement age (60 or 55 years, respectively, for men or women) and ahead of schedule.

Structure of labor pensions old age may consist two-piece – insurance (SC) and savings (SC),

It should be noted that the structure of the pension, in contrast to the types of pensions, has changed significantly. The current standards do not contain such components of its size as bonuses and increases to the pension or compensation payment. However, you should not think that calculating your pension has become easier.

Each part of the labor pension, according to the concept of a “multi-link” pension, is aimed at achieving one of the three main goals of pension provision: the basic part - to combat poverty, the insurance part - to compensate for lost earnings, and the funded part - to ensure financial independence.

In this regard, the basic part is a state guarantee for a minimum payment upon the occurrence of an insured event.

Insurance part of labor pension is established based on two components - estimated pension capital And . When calculating the insurance part of a labor pension for disability or loss of a breadwinner, another component is taken into account - the ratio of the standard duration of the insurance period as of the date of establishment of the pension to 180 months. When calculating the insurance part of the labor pension in the event of the loss of a breadwinner, one additional component is taken into account - the number of disabled dependents of the deceased insured person.

Cumulative part of labor pension is established based on two components – pension savings And expected period of payment of old-age labor pension.

To labor pension in case of loss of a breadwinner there is no storage part provided. However, if the death of the insured person occurred before the specified part of the labor pension was established for him, then in accordance with paragraph 12 of Article 9 of the Federal Law “On Labor Pensions in the Russian Federation”, the payment of pension savings, equal to the sum funds accounted for in a special part of his individual personal account are made to persons who can be identified by the insured person himself by submitting a corresponding application to the Pension Fund. In the absence of such an application, payment of pension savings is made to his relatives specified in paragraph 6 of Article 16 of this Law, which include children, including adopted children, spouse and parents. These persons are considered first-degree relatives. In the absence of first-degree relatives, payments are made to brothers, sisters, grandparents and grandchildren. In the absence of such funds, they are taken into account as part of the pension reserve.

Article 5 enshrines another important provision. Citizens who for any reason do not have the right to a labor pension are established social pension on the terms and in the manner determined Federal law"About state pension provision in the Russian Federation." It should be noted that the circle of persons entitled to a social pension is much narrower than the circle of persons entitled to a labor pension. For example, in connection with the death of a breadwinner, a social pension is assigned only to the children of the deceased. Or, for example, for persons who do not have the necessary insurance experience to establish an old-age labor pension, a social pension is assigned no earlier than upon reaching 65 and 60 years of age (men and women, respectively), i.e. 5 years later than the generally established retirement age. Accordingly, persons under the specified age are excluded from the circle of social pension recipients.